Spacetime & Substance
International Physical Journal

CONTENTS of No. 5(30)-2005

N.A.Zhuck. PHYSICISTS MARK INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF PHYSICS (193)

Frank Boring Fitzgerald. GEORGE FRANCIS FITZGERALD FIRST WITH THREE RELATIVISTIC CONCEPTS (194)

A.C.V. Ceapa. TRUE RATIONALE FOR CELEBRATING EINSTEINS SPECIAL RELATIVITY THEORY (199)

N.A.Zhuck. CLASSIC CONCEPTIONS OF SPECIAL AND GENERAL RELATIVITY THEORY. TRIUMPHS AND DIFFICULTIES OF THE THEORY (201)

P.I.Danylchenko. THE GAUGE INTERPRETATIONS OF GENERAL RELATIVITY (207)

Fang Pei Chen. A NEW INTERPRETATION ABOUT THE EVOLUTION OF THE COSMOS (212)

A.N.Barbarash. PROBLEMS OF WORLD OUTLOOK (219)

N.A.Zhuck. TESTS QUESTIONS FOR GRAVITATION THEORIES VERIFICATION (225)

A.A.Romanov. UNUSUAL LIGHTNING (229)

The United Nations designated 2005 as "the year of physics" to mark the centennial of Einstein's relativity and 50th anniversary of his death.

The Michelson-Morley experiments of 1881-7 started the hunt for an explanation for their null results on the Earth's movement thru the ``ether'' of space. That hunt eventually led to Relativity. An explanation was first advanced by George Francis FitzGerald in 1889-92 which began the most remarkable advancement in science to that time--Relativity--altho it was not called Relativity until Einstein was credited with his Special Theory of Relativity in 1905. FitzGerald's contraction concept, aimed at the MM null results, so divided the scientific community as to what his theorem actually meant, it remained for Lorentz to advance the same concept, who independently in 1895 arrived at the same explanation as FitzGerald had several years earlier. Much later, most scientists rightly named the concept the FitzGerald-Lorentz Contraction. At first, confusion caused some scientists to scoff at FitzGerald calling his contraction theory merely ``deformation'', meaning in volume and size. This continued discussion of deformation versus contraction cost FitzGerald at the time his first place in history when most scientists began calling his contraction theory the Lorentz-FitzGerald Contraction Theory, or, merely Lorentz Contraction.

The centennial anniversary of Einstein's original paper on relativity would have be all the more significant if accompanied with the recognition of both the accuracy of the derivation of the Lorentz transformation (LT) in that paper and its revealed nature. Einstein's development of special relativity theory (SRT) without his 1905 derivation of the LT raised the perennial criticism of SRT and the crisis of modern physics as well. That recognition would enable physicists to turn SRT and the theories relied on SRT from mathematical theories into physical theories by validating the classical physics' principle of physical determination of equations in all these theories, so understand correctly some apparent dysfunctions in SRT, and obtain genuine physical information. It is through these new results that the contribution of Einstein's SRT to the advancement of physics and the progress of mankind is far more substantial than it was believed.

This work is devoted to the anniversaries of the Relativity Theory creation, life and creative work of its author - Albert Einstein, triumphs and difficulties of this theory as well as alternative views at space, time and gravitation.

It is shown here that Lorentz transformations are caused by gauge effect of motion on matter (principle nonobservability of effect of motion on matter). This gauge effect of motion is caused by interdependence and mutual determination of propagation velocity of interaction between elementary particles and of rate of course of matter proper (standard) time. The Lorentz transformations are derived without any linearity assumptions and being based only on the presence of relativistic shrinkage of the length of moving body and on clock desynchronization at its slowest transfer along this body.

Based on Lorentz and Levi-Civita's conservation laws, it can be shown that the energy of the matter field in the universe might originate from the gravitational field as a result of the latter field's energy decrease and the total entropy increase followed by cosmic expansion. By exploring this possibility and by using some new evidences discovered from recent astronomical observations, we establish an alternative theory of cosmology, which gives a new interpretation about the evolution of the cosmos and a number of new explanations regarding dark energy and dark matter.

The author has executed the analysis of physical problems of the World outlook and he has developed the mental model capable to decide these problems.

The author offers 75 test questions for gravitation theories verification.

The photos on a digital video camera in 2002 (Kharkov, Ukraine) depicting an unusual lightning, which began as an ordinary linear lightning, then as volumetric luminescence of the atmosphere part and ended with three ball lightnings formation, are given.